Peace be upon you, Professor.
Why are some names omitted from Ziyarat Ashura, with “the first, the second, the third, and the fourth” used instead of naming them explicitly? This is despite the fact that people such as ʿUmar ibn Saʿd (may God’s curse be upon him) are named clearly.
Why Does Ziyarat Ashura Use Allusive Names?
The essence and first answer at a glance (60-word summary)
The reason Ziyarat Ashura uses allusive terms such as “the first, the second, the third, and the fourth” instead of naming certain individuals explicitly is that, for their followers, these figures are like idols. Their true identities remain concealed until the reappearance of Imam Mahdi (AJ) and the convening of the supreme divine tribunal, when the truth will be made clear.
Answer by Master Ali Saei (Abdullah Meshkat)
Teacher and researcher in the intellectual tradition of wisdom and the Ahl al-Bayt | Soroush Bamdadān Cultural CenterAlthough the identity of the aforementioned names is clear to anyone who reflects, they are regarded by their followers as idols. Therefore, we must wait until the coming of the Imam; only after he has held his supreme court and the truth has been laid bare will the names of those accursed be revealed to the world.