The Unrivalled Religion

🌼🔆🌼An Unchangeable Religion🌼🔆🌼

🌹🔅☘️ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحيمِ ☘️🔅🌹

🔅🌹 “A Critique of Civil Societies”  “”  “A Critique of the Religion of Humanity” “Commentary on Supplication 20 of al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya”  “Session 227” and more … Summary with addendum      1403.06.29    Ali Saei (Abdullah Meshkat) 110.141(903)  🌹🔅

🔅🌼 An overview and map of the discussion of the unrivalled religion 🌼🔅

🌼 If we benefit from “righteous guidance” without replacing it, we will then witness the appearance of the Imam.

🌼 Replacement can happen deliberately, by mistake, or through heedlessness. Satan lies in wait to weaken our religious memory and distract us from remembering God, even for a moment. Replacement can begin gradually and ultimately lead to doubt about religion.

🌼 We must be equipped with the Two Weighty Things at every moment. Otherwise, a fall awaits us.

🌼 Replacing religion in any form is condemned.

🌼 The impossibility of replacing religion does not mean religious despotism; rather, it affirms the truth of religion.

🌼 One who defends religion is not defending a personal opinion, but the truth to which they have come with all their heart and soul.

🌼 We must continually take truth as our criterion for discernment and judgment, and recognize its source through truth itself.

🌼 At times, truth and those who embody it become one, like the sun’s light and the sun itself.

🌼 Truth is with Ali, his constant companion. Wherever Ali is, there too is the truth.

Truth is Ali himself; Ali is with the truth, and the truth is with Ali. Truth turns wherever Ali turns. Ali is the central headquarters of truth; whoever is united with the truth becomes its most perfect exemplar.

🌼 Is there a religion called “humanity”? Can a religion of humanity be fashioned alongside the divine religion?

🌼 A substitute for something inferior can make a good replacement!

🌼 As progress advances, new technology replaces old technology. But when technology reaches its peak and its fruit ripens to perfection, what substitute could one seek for it? The ultimate achievement of an art needs no replacement.

🌼 Water has no substitute. How can one become more learned than the ultimate in knowledge?

🌼 Not everything, then, can be replaced; substitutes for some things are frauds.

🌼 God’s religion has no equal.

🌼 If a human being can, let them make something like an atom, make water, make bread.

🌼 The Quran is like water, like a ruby. One who cannot tell a ruby from glass may present glass as a ruby, but will command no credibility among those who know rubies.

🌼 The Quran’s verses have no equal; only God is capable of bringing forth verses like them.

🌼 When God changes or replaces something, it is either through wisdom, for a purpose, as a test, to lighten a burden, out of mercy, or as a penalty.

🌼 God may change His law if He wills, but His words cannot be changed.

🌼 God erases or confirms whatever He wills. God knows what to change and what to leave unchanged.

🌼 God’s decree is unchangeable.

🌼 God has words that cannot be changed. He has a word by which He created the heavens and the earth. God’s way is unchangeable; this is what He Himself has willed.

🌼 No one can call God to account for why He made a law permanent or why He changed it.

🌼 The religion of humanity is beyond humanity.

🌼 Religion without the Two Weighty Things is religion without humanity.

🌼 Human beings strive to free themselves from the bounds of God’s religion—a course that leads to their own destruction.

🌼 Even the Messenger of God cannot change God’s command or choose a substitute for it; he has no authority to do so.

🌼 Yet human beings take it upon themselves to invent a religion.

🌼 Some people’s affliction is the affliction of disbelief and polytheism; with only a few exceptions, the majority worship everything but God.

🌼 If people replace the object of their worship, why should we expect them not to replace their religion?

🌼 God does not alter His special blessing. He does not replace the blessing of the message, of ʿAli and his descendants. But the people themselves changed their blessing and found a substitute for ʿAli.

🌼 Society is no place for trial and error.

🌼 Modern forms of medicine, which have replaced divinely guided medicine, have cost people their wealth, their lives, and their peace of mind. By “divinely guided medicine,” I do not mean herbal medicine, for that is only one branch of it.

🌼 Wandering through darkness cannot lead a person to light. To search for light within darkness is a sign of ignorance.

🌼 If human beings were meant to attain knowledge on their own, why were so many prophets sent?

🌼 So-called civilised societies have abandoned both humanity and civilisation.

🌼 All human beings should have become like prophets, receiving God’s revelation. But because they have become tainted, they have come to need a prophet.

The Book of God was written in the heart of each and every one of us.

🌼 The Imam of the Age will appear when the earth is filled with oppression and injustice. If God does not come to the people’s aid, they will be destroyed.

🌼 Only those who know the right path can turn back from the wrong one.

🌼 If humanity’s trial and error were acceptable, later generations might avoid repeating the mistakes of those before them—but what of the generation that was sacrificed? How can its losses be made good?

🔅🌼 A critique of the idea of a “religion of humanity” 🌼🔅

☘️🔆 Do the religious have the right to assume that they alone possess the truth?

🔅🌼 Let us not abandon what is right for anyone’s sake 🌼🔅

🌹Replacing religion, in any form, measure, or manner, is condemned and admits of no compromise or leniency.

🌹Opposition to the replacement of religion should not be construed as religious despotism; rather, it is an affirmation of religion’s truth.

🌹A sincere defender of religion is not a despot imposing a personal opinion, but a defender of an established right and truth.

🌹Always use truth as your standard of discernment and judgment, not the person. Through truth, you will recognise those who belong to it. A person is established and gains legitimacy through truth. Yet a time comes when a sincere person among the people of truth becomes a source of truth, a guiding light along the path of truth.

🌷🔆خُذِ الْحِكْمَةَ مِمَّنْ أَتَاكَ بِهَا وَ انْظُرْ إِلَى مَا قَالَ وَ لَا تَنْظُرْ إِلَى‏ مَنْ‏ قَالَ‏.[1]

🔆Imam ʿAli, peace be upon him: «Learn wisdom from whoever brings it to you. Consider what is said, not who says it.»

🌷🔆 وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ع‏ الْحَقُّ لَا يُعْرَفُ بِالرِّجَالِ اعْرِفِ‏ الْحَقَ‏ تَعْرِفْ أَهْلَه‏[2]

🔆The Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him: «People are not the measure of truth. Know the truth, and you will know those who uphold it.»

🔅🌼The sign of truth is found only in the banner of truth 🌼🔅

🌷🔆 دَخَلَ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ حَوْطٍ اللَّيْثِيُّ عَلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ) فَقَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، مَا أَرَى طَلْحَةَ وَ الزُّبَيْرَ وَ عَائِشَةَ احْتَجُّوا إِلَّا عَلَى حَقٍّ فَقَالَ: يَا حَارِثُ، إِنَّكَ إِنْ نَظَرْتَ تَحْتَكَ وَ لَمْ تَنْظُرْ فَوْقَكَ جُزْتَ عَنِ الْحَقِّ، إِنَّ الْحَقَّ وَ الْبَاطِلَ لَا يُعْرَفَانِ بِالنَّاسِ، وَ لَكِنْ اعْرِفِ‏ الْحَقَ‏ بِاتِّبَاعِ مَنِ اتَّبَعَهُ، وَ الْبَاطِلَ بِاجْتِنَابِ مَنِ اجْتَنَبَهُ.

قَالَ: فَهَلَّا أَكُونَ كَعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ وَ سَعْدِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ):

إِنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ وَ سَعْداً أَخْذَلَا الْحَقَّ وَ لَمْ يَنْصُرَا الْبَاطِلَ، مَتَى كَانَا إِمَامَيْنِ فِي الْخَيْرِ فَيُتَّبَعَانِ![3]

🔆Al-Harith ibn Hut came to أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ (عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ)  and said, “Commander of the Faithful, I see no reason to think that Talha, al-Zubayr and Aisha were not justified in their appeal to the truth” (that is, I do not believe the Companions who fought in the Battle of the Camel were misguided). In reply, Ali (AS) said, “O Harith, you have looked down, not up, and so you have been left bewildered and lost. You have not recognised the truth and so cannot recognise its people; nor have you understood falsehood well enough to know who follows its path.” Harith asked, “Should I not remain neutral, like Abdullah ibn Umar and Sa‘d ibn Malik?” Ali (AS) replied, “Sa‘d ibn Malik and Abdullah ibn Umar neither supported the truth nor abandoned falsehood. So when were these two ever leaders in goodness, worthy of being followed?”

🔅🌼God’s friends are a hive of truth🌼🔅

🌹When a person is established by the truth, that person becomes the measure of truth.

🌹The Prophet’s Household are the truth itself: the person and the truth are united.

🌷🔆 الْحَقُ‏ مَعَ‏ عَلِيٍ‏ أَيْنَمَا مَالَ [4]

🔆The truth is with Ali, wherever he turns.

🌷🔆 أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ص قَالَ‏ عَلِيٌّ مَعَ الْحَقِّ وَ الْحَقُّ مَعَ عَلِيٍّ يَدُورُ حَيْثُ‏ مَا دَار[5]

🔆The Prophet of Islam said, “Ali keeps company with the truth, and the truth keeps company with Ali; it turns wherever he turns.”

🌹If a person seeks the truth, the truth will come to meet them. Intend the truth with a sincere heart, and it will dawn.

☘️🔆 Is it possible to devise a better way to nurture human beings than religion?

🔅🌼A worthy substitute🌼🔅

🌹Can there be a good substitute?

🌹Can a substitute ever be better than its original?

🌹Of course, a substitute is not the same as its original. But a substitute can only be a good replacement for an inferior original; technological advances are of this kind.

🌹Any attempt to create substitutes, however pleasing or acceptable it may seem, opposes its original and amounts to fraud and deception.

🌹God’s laws and rulings have no substitute and no rival, just like God’s verses.

🌹Nothing is higher than water but water itself; nothing is brighter than light but light itself; and nothing surpasses knowledge but knowledge itself. They have no replacement or substitute.

🌻🔆Al-Baqarah: 23   وَ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ في‏ رَيْبٍ مِمَّا نَزَّلْنا عَلى‏ عَبْدِنا فَأْتُوا بِسُورَةٍ مِنْ مِثْلِهِ وَ ادْعُوا شُهَداءَكُمْ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صادِقينَ

🔆If you are in doubt about what We have sent down to Our servant, then produce a surah like it, and call upon your witnesses besides God, if you are truthful!

🔅🌼Only God can change His law🌼🔅

🌻🔆Al-Baqarah: 106   We نَنْسَخْ مِنْ آيَةٍ أَوْ نُنْسِها نَأْتِ بِخَيْرٍ مِنْها أَوْ مِثْلِها أَ لَمْ تَعْلَمْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَلى‏ كُلِّ شَيْ‏ءٍ قَديرٌ

🔆Whenever We abrogate a ruling, or defer its abrogation, We bring one better than it or its like. Do you not know that God has power over all things?

🌻🔆An-Naḥl: 101   وَ إِذا بَدَّلْنا آيَةً مَكانَ آيَةٍ وَ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِما يُنَزِّلُ قالُوا إِنَّما أَنْتَ مُفْتَرٍ بَلْ أَكْثَرُهُمْ لا يَعْلَمُونَ

🔆When We replace one verse with another—and God knows best what He sends down—they say, “You are only fabricating!” Yet most of them do not know.

🔅🌼The divine words are unalterable 🌼🔅

🌹“Rulings (qadāʾ)” can change: that is, God changes them if He so wills. But “ratification (imḍāʾ)” cannot change, because God Himself has willed that it remain unchanged!

🌹It may be that some verses belong to the category of rulings, while the Sunnah and the divine words belong to that of ratification.

🌹“Special blessings, the divine Word, and the divine Sunnah” are unalterable.

🌻🔆Al-Anʿām: 34   وَ لَقَدْ كُذِّبَتْ رُسُلٌ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ فَصَبَرُوا عَلى‏ ما كُذِّبُوا وَ أُوذُوا حَتَّى أَتاهُمْ نَصْرُنا وَ لا مُبَدِّلَ لِكَلِماتِ اللَّهِ وَ لَقَدْ جاءَكَ مِنْ نَبَإِ الْمُرْسَلينَ

🔆Messengers before you were also denied, but they bore their rejection with patience and steadfastness, and endured persecution until Our help came to them. None can alter God’s decrees, and news of the messengers has already reached you.

🌻🔆Al-Anʿām: 115   وَ تَمَّتْ كَلِمَةُ رَبِّكَ صِدْقاً وَ عَدْلاً لا مُبَدِّلَ لِكَلِماتِهِ وَ هُوَ السَّميعُ الْعَليمُ

🔆The word of your Lord has been fulfilled in truth and justice. None can change His words, and He is the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing.

🌻🔆Al-Aḥzāb: 62   سُنَّةَ اللَّهِ فِي الَّذينَ خَلَوْا مِنْ قَبْلُ وَ لَنْ تَجِدَ لِسُنَّةِ اللَّهِ تَبْديلاً

🔆Such has been God’s way with those who came before; you will never find any change in God’s way.

🌹Change and constancy come only from Him: if He wills change, change takes place; if He wills constancy, constancy takes place.

🌻🔆Ar-Raʿd: 39   يَمْحُوا اللَّهُ ما يَشاءُ وَ يُثْبِتُ وَ عِنْدَهُ أُمُّ الْكِتابِ

🔆God effaces whatever He wills and confirms whatever He wills; with Him is the Mother of the Book.

🌹Divine ratification and the divine words are unalterable. The divine words have no need of movement and transcend movement.

🌷🔆 وَ بِكَلِمَتِكَ الَّتِي خَلَقْتَ‏ بِهَا السَّمَاوَاتِ وَ الْأَرْضِ وَ بِحِكْمَتِكَ الَّتِي صَنَعْتَ بِهَا الْعَجَائِب‏[6]

🔆I beseech You by Your Word, through which You created the heavens and the earth, and by Your wisdom, through which You fashioned wonders.

🌹God’s changeable laws include abrogating and abrogated verses, the change of the qibla, and changes to some divine rulings.

🌹Change is a sign, a warning of divine authority, and a kind of test in creation. What changes through divine action is not changed in order to revise rulings and laws, but for reasons of wisdom and benefit, and as a test; at times, it is due to mercy and compassion, and at others, to punishment and penalty.

🌻🔆Al-Anbiyāʾ: 23   لا يُسْئَلُ عَمَّا يَفْعَلُ وَ هُمْ يُسْئَلُونَ

🔆No one can call Him to account for what He does; they are the ones who will be called to account.

🔅🌼Even a prophet of God cannot change divine law 🌼🔅

🌻🔆Yūnus: 15   وَ إِذا تُتْلى‏ عَلَيْهِمْ آياتُنا بَيِّناتٍ قالَ الَّذينَ لا يَرْجُونَ لِقاءَنَا ائْتِ بِقُرْآنٍ غَيْرِ هذا أَوْ بَدِّلْهُ قُلْ ما يَكُونُ لي‏ أَنْ أُبَدِّلَهُ مِنْ تِلْقاءِ نَفْسي‏ إِنْ أَتَّبِعُ إِلاَّ ما يُوحى‏ إِلَيَّ إِنِّي أَخافُ إِنْ عَصَيْتُ رَبِّي عَذابَ يَوْمٍ عَظيمٍ

🔆When Our clear revelations are recited to them, those who do not believe in meeting Us (and in the Day of Resurrection) say, “Bring a Quran other than this, or change it.” Say, “It is not for me to change it of my own accord. I follow only what is revealed to me. If I were to disobey my Lord, I would fear the punishment of a tremendous Day!”

🔅🌼Whoever seeks to change God’s law will be changed himself.🌼🔅

🌹Who can alter God’s law? What do you think is the punishment for such insolence? Surely, no one will treat the offender with leniency! From our perspective, the least punishment for someone who rejects God and violates His law is the undoing of their very existence! Astonishing!

🌹Whoever seeks to trample on divine law or change it has embarked on a kind of rivalry and struggle with God. Without doubt, they will be subject to change and transformation. Does humanity not consider its own true measure?! It is like a malignant speck in the body of creation. This is the greatest and most grievous form of associating partners with God.

🌻🔆Al-Insan: 28   نَحْنُ خَلَقْناهُمْ وَ شَدَدْنا أَسْرَهُمْ وَ إِذا شِئْنا بَدَّلْنا أَمْثالَهُمْ تَبْديلاً

🔆We created them and firmly bound together their very being; and whenever We will, We can replace them with others.

🔅🌼To change a blessing is to welcome calamity.🌼🔅

🌻🔆Ibrahim: 28   أَ لَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذينَ بَدَّلُوا نِعْمَتَ اللَّهِ كُفْراً وَ أَحَلُّوا قَوْمَهُمْ دارَ الْبَوارِ

🔆Have you not seen those who exchanged God’s blessing for ingratitude and brought their people down to the abode of ruin and destruction?

🌷🔆عَنِ الْأَصْبَغِ قَالَ: قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: مَا بَالُ أَقْوَامٍ غَيَّرُوا سُنَّةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ عَدَلُوا عَنْ وَصِيِّهِ لَا يَتَخَوَّفُونَ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ بِهِمُ الْعَذَابُ؟ ثُمَّ تَلَا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ: أَ لَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ بَدَّلُوا نِعْمَتَ اللَّهِ كُفْراً وَ أَحَلُّوا قَوْمَهُمْ دارَ الْبَوارِ جَهَنَّمَ‏ ثُمَّ قَالَ: نَحْنُ النِّعْمَةُ الَّتِي أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ بِهَا عَلَى عِبَادِهِ، وَ بِنَا يَفُوزُ مَنْ فَازَ يَوْمَ الْقِيمَةِ.^[7]

🔆Asbagh ibn Nubata relates that the Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him, said: “What do those people imagine, who have altered the practice of the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him and his family, and turned away from his appointed successor and his testament? Do they not fear that God’s punishment will descend upon them?” He then recited verse 29 of Surah Ibrahim: “Have you not seen those who exchanged God’s blessing and brought their people down to the abode of ruin, which is Hell?” Then he said, “We are the blessing that God has bestowed upon His servants, and whoever attains felicity on the Day of Resurrection will attain it through us.”

🔅🌼The base prefer the lowly to the exalted.🌼🔅

🌹The more degraded a person becomes, the farther they move from spiritual ascent. The darker they grow, the smaller they become: their heart grows narrower, they drift farther from the truth and lean more toward falsehood, and in place of drawing near to God through worship, they become enamoured of idols.

🌹Once traces of associating partners with God take root in the human heart, a desire arises to change the religion and alter God’s words and blessings. A person grows so insolent that they even want to replace their own God.

🌻🔆Al-A‘raf: 138   وَ جاوَزْنا بِبَني‏ إِسْرائيلَ الْبَحْرَ فَأَتَوْا عَلى‏ قَوْمٍ يَعْكُفُونَ عَلى‏ أَصْنامٍ لَهُمْ قالُوا يا مُوسَى اجْعَلْ لَنا إِلهاً كَما لَهُمْ آلِهَةٌ قالَ إِنَّكُمْ قَوْمٌ تَجْهَلُونَ

🔆We brought the Children of Israel safely across the sea. Then, on their way, they came upon a people gathered in humility and submission around their idols. The Children of Israel said to Moses, “Make a god for us, just as they have gods.” He replied, “You are truly an ignorant people!”

🔅🌼The desire to abandon religion is a base desire.🌼🔅

🌹A degraded person longs to associate partners with God, displaying their own baseness and paving the way for their downfall. The farther a person strays from God’s religion, the farther they fall from humanity; the more they resemble lowly creatures, until at last they sink into a monstrous, debased state.

🌹The path and laws that reject religion lead to degradation and destruction.

🌹Journeying through darkness will not bring a person to light. One must emerge from the darkness.

🌹Humanity learns nothing from the darkness—or cannot learn from it—and even when it does, it cannot recognise the righteous and sound path to turn toward unless a pure guide shows the way; that is, draws people toward the divine religion. Otherwise, their wrongdoing and darkness will only increase, for they are weak, unjust, and ignorant.

🔅🌼The aim of non-religious societies is hostility toward God🌼🔅

🌹So-called “civil non-religious” societies, or those that use labels such as “human religion” and imagine themselves independent of and in no need of divine religion, strip human beings of their humanity and civility.

🌹If non-religious civil societies could lead people to knowledge, transcendence, and perfection, there would have been no need for 124,000 prophets to be sent.

🌹Every human being would have had to become a prophet of sorts—but they did not. They failed to act according to their innate nature, which is the very essence of human growth. That innate nature needs a key, and the key is in the hands of God’s religion.

🌹Searching for sunlight beyond the solar system is foolish.

🌹A non-religious civil society will not give rise to an ideal human city; instead, humanity will be stripped of its civility and ultimately perish in savagery.

🌹The end times filling with oppression and injustice show that human civil society will fail, sink to its lowest depths, and stand on the brink of destruction. Unless the Messiah from the House of Muhammad comes to its aid, humanity will be uprooted and the human race will become extinct.

🌷🔆وَ الَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ مَهْدِيُّ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ الَّذِي يَمْلَأُ اللَّهُ بِهِ الْأَرْضَ قِسْطاً وَ عَدْلًا كَمَا مُلِئَتْ‏ ظُلْماً وَ جَوْرا[8]

🔆The Prophet of Islam, peace and blessings be upon him and his family: By the One in whose hands my soul rests, the Mahdi of this community is the one through whom God will fill the earth with equity and justice, just as it has been filled with oppression and injustice.

🔅🌼Without divine religion, civilisation will never attain higher understanding🌼🔅

🌹The highest knowledge human beings can attain within non-religious civil societies is the admission of their own incapacity and ignorance—and nothing more.

🌹Trial and error in the life of society carries irreparable costs. A person’s mistake in society does not affect that person alone.

🌹God has given no one permission to err, even though He has made error possible.

🌹The damage done to society cannot be undone. Future generations may learn from the past, but the losses suffered by a generation sacrificed to trial and error remain. Yet despite all this optimism, the future, without the light of guidance, will not find the right path—even if it learns from the past.

🌹Without light, no one’s eyes will see; without knowledge, no one will attain wisdom; without God’s religion, humanity will not find the path to transcendence.

🌹If someone who has erred does not know how to make amends, they will fall into a new error. To make amends, humanity must turn to divine religion.

🔅🌼Through a non-religious society, humanity hangs itself from the gallows rope🌼🔅

🌹Trial and error alone will not bring humanity to maturity.

🌹If God leaves humanity to its own devices, people will be transformed into beasts. The secret of such transformations lies in this abandonment.

🌹Such transformations are the result of self-centredness.

🌹Humanity has not matured through its experience of civil societies; it has instead been driven into decline.

🌹Humanity is sliding toward destruction.

🌹A defeated and destroyed people have no chance to return or make amends.

🌹Humanity has forgotten that it is God’s servant.

🌼Ali Saei (Abdullah Meshkat) 110.141 (903)🌼

[1] ʿUyūn al-Ḥikam wa’l-Mawāʿiẓ (al-Laythī); p. 241  al-Laythī al-Wāsiṭī, Dār al-Ḥadīth – Qom, first edition, 1376 SH.

[2] Rawḍat al-Wāʿiẓīn wa Baṣīrat al-Muttaʿiẓīn (old edition); vol. 1, p. 31  al-Fattāl al-Nīshābūrī, Razī Publications – Iran, Qom, first edition, 1375 SH.

[3] Al-Amālī (al-Ṭūsī); text, p. 134  al-Ṭūsī, Dār al-Thaqāfa – Qom, first edition, 1414 AH.

[4] Al-Kāfī (Islamic edition); vol. 1, p. 294  al-Kulaynī, Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyya – Tehran, fourth edition, 1407 AH.

[5] Al-Fuṣūl al-Mukhtāra; p. 339  al-Mufīd, Shaykh al-Mufīd Congress – Qom, first edition, 1413 AH.

[6] Miṣbāḥ al-Mutahajjid wa Silāḥ al-Mutaʿabbid; vol. 1, p. 417  al-Ṭūsī, Shiʿa Jurisprudence Institute – Beirut, first edition, 1411 AH.

[7] Tafsīr Nūr al-Thaqalayn    vol. 2    542  al-Ḥuwayzī, ʿAbd ʿAlī ibn Jumʿa, Tafsīr Nūr al-Thaqalayn, 5 vols., Ismāʿīliyān – Iran, Qom, fourth edition, 1415 AH.

[8] Kitāb Sulaym ibn Qays al-Hilālī; vol. 2, p. 567  al-Hilālī, al-Hādī – Iran, Qom, first edition, 1405 AH.