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Question No. 3300 31 August 2022 Official answer by Master Ali Saei (Abdullah Meshkat) verified Content level: Intermediate

Explaining the Hadith “The Heart Sometimes Has Neither Faith nor Disbelief”

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Verified answer Documented and evidence-based
Dear questioner, Master Ali Saei
Tracking code: #Q-3300

In Usul al-Kafi, vol. 4, p. 150, in the chapter on “Lapses of the Heart: Inattention and Forgetfulness,” the narrations indicate that, according to Imam al-Baqir (peace be upon him), at certain times the heart is inclined neither toward faith nor toward disbelief; it is like a piece of flesh. “Have any of you ever experienced or understood what I have just described?”

Imam al-Sadiq (peace be upon him) says:

“At certain hours of the night and day, the heart is neither in a state of faith nor disbelief. Have you not experienced this? Then, after that hour, a point from God enters the heart of His servant, according to what He wills: if He wills, toward faith; and if He wills, toward disbelief.” (Of course, in the words of Imam Ali (peace be upon him), “heart” means the human rational soul, not the physical organ.)

In light of the words of the Infallibles (peace be upon them), it seems that this matter is beyond a person’s control, and that God Himself is guiding the heart. We have no inclination toward disbelief, so why are we exposed to this? Also, when we are occupied with a particular task in our daily lives, we may in some sense be inattentive to God during those moments. Are these states also among the matters of disbelief and faith?

Do we ourselves have any part in this?

Please recommend a devotional phrase that will keep our hearts always inclined toward faith. Thank you.

The essence and first answer at a glance (60-word summary)

A hadith from Imam al-Baqir (AS) says that the heart sometimes has neither faith nor disbelief, but is like a piece of flesh into which God later places either faith or disbelief. This does not mean that people are compelled; through prayer and supplication, one can seek the grace of guidance. Being heedless in everyday matters can also be an instance of this state.

Answer by Master Ali Saei (Abdullah Meshkat)

Teacher and researcher in the intellectual tradition of wisdom and the Ahl al-Bayt | Soroush Bamdadān Cultural Center

Among the factors that cause a person to be deprived of divine guidance are traces of disbelief, wrongdoing, transgression, and extravagance. There is no compulsion involved; rather, there are certainly reasons why guidance or misguidance takes hold, as the verses of divine mercy affirm.

Among the prayers and intimate supplications for seeking the grace of guidance are the Fifteen Whispered Prayers and al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya, including Supplications 8, 17, and 20.

الأنعام : 125 فمن یرد الله أن یهدیه یشرح صدره للإسلام و من یرد أن یضله یجعل صدره ضیقا حرجا کأنما یصعد فی السماء کذلک یجعل الله الرجس على الذین لا یؤمنون

Whoever God wills to guide, He opens their heart to Islam; and whoever He wills to leave astray, He makes their heart tight and constricted, as though they were climbing up into the sky. Thus God places impurity upon those who do not believe.

عن أبی بصیر و غیره قال قال أبو عبد الله ع إن القلب لیکون الساعه من اللیل و النهار ما فیه کفر و لا إیمان کالثوب الخلق قال ثم قال لی أ ما تجد ذلک من نفسک قال ثم تکون النکته من الله فی القلب بما شاء من کفر و إیمان.

عن أبی بصیر قال سمعت أبا جعفر ع یقول یکون القلب ما فیه إیمان و لا کفر شبه المضغه أ ما یجد أحدکم ذلک.

عن أبی الحسن موسى ع قال: إن الله خلق قلوب المؤمنین مطویه مبهمه على الإیمان فإذا أراد استناره ما فیها «2» نضحها بالحکمه و زرعها بالعلم و زارعها و القیم علیها رب العالمین.

عن أبی بصیر عن أبی عبد الله ع قال: إن القلب لیترجج فیما بین الصدر و الحنجره حتى یعقد على الإیمان فإذا عقد على الإیمان قر و ذلک قول الله عز و جل- و من یؤمن بالله یهد قلبه .

عن محمد الحلبی عن أبی عبد الله ع قال: إن القلب لیتجلجل فی الجوف یطلب الحق فإذا أصابه اطمأن و قر ثم تلا أبو عبد الله ع- هذه الآیه فمن یرد الله أن یهدیه یشرح صدره للإسلام إلى قوله کأنما یصعد فی السماء .

عن أبی بصیر عن أبی عبد الله ع قال سمعته یقول إن القلب یکون فی الساعه من اللیل و النهار- لیس فیه إیمان و لا کفر أ ما تجد ذلک ثم تکون بعد ذلک نکته من الله فی قلب عبده بما شاء إن شاء بإیمان و إن شاء بکفر.

البقره : 258 ... و الله لا یهدی القوم الظالمین

البقره : 264 ... و الله لا یهدی القوم الکافرین

آل‏عمران : 86 ... و الله لا یهدی القوم الظالمین

المائده : 108 ... و الله لا یهدی القوم الفاسقین

غافر : 28 ... إن الله لا یهدی من هو مسرف کذاب

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